包渗法制备硅化物涂层的结构形貌及形成机理

采用包渗法在C-103铌合金基体上制备MoSi2涂层,通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜和能谱分析等手段研究涂层表面、截面形貌以及氧化后涂层结构变化,并分析硅化过程中涂层的形成机理。研究结果表明：包渗法制备硅化物涂层是通过反应扩散形成的,硅化过程服从抛物线规律;该涂层为复合结构：MoSi2相为主体层;以NbSi2相为主、并含少量Nb5Si3相的两相为过渡区;Nb5Si3相为扩散层。在高温氧化环境下,涂层表面生成致密的非晶氧化层,有效地阻止了氧向涂层内扩散。     

封隔高压一次充填防砂技术及其应用

管内外充填是当前砾石充填防砂技术的发展趋向,封隔高压一次充填正是这样的一种防砂技术。介绍了高压充填技术原理、工具结构及工作原理、施工程序,阐述了排量、压力等主要参数设计方法,介绍了在单层老井、多层大井段井、新井新层、斜井及粉细砂岩井的应用效果。该工艺施工简单,周期短,防砂有效期长,适应性强,采液强度高,便于后期处理,综合效益较高。     

18CrMnNiMoA钢渗碳裂纹原因分析

对 18CrMnNiMoA钢在渗碳后出现裂纹的情况作出了分析 ,并提出了解决办法。     

A novel charging/discharging balancing strategy for lithium battery pack based on mixed charging mode

Series‐connected lithium batteries can be charged in the pack‐charging mode, which is most widely used in the lithium battery application field. But the pack‐charging mode will lead to cell imbalance because of the difference in the electrochemical characteristics of the cells of series‐connected batteries. On the other hand, the cell‐charging mode can avoid the imbalance problem by charging each cell independently, but it will reduce the charging efficiency and increase the cost. In this paper, a novel balancing strategy is proposed with a mixed pack‐charging and cell‐charging mode to implement the balancing algorithm. The proposed strategy aims to solve the problem of charge/discharge imbalance with the simplest balancing algorithm with high balancing performance. There is no complex balancing behaviors during the charging process – as is the case with many other existing schemes – so the control algorithm can be greatly simplified. Because each cell can be fully charged and discharged with the proposed algorithm, it helps to make full use of the energy and capacity of each cell. The system stability and reliability of the proposed system, as well as its good performance, are verified through experiments. © 2017 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Analyses of the gaseous species in halide-activated cementation coating packs

The partial pressures of equilibrium gaseous species in pack-cementation diffusion processes using pure condensed Al(l), Cr(s), and Si(s) metals activated by various halide salts under Ar or reducing environments which contain different amounts of hydrogen have been calculated. The analyses indicate that the presence of hydrogen gas in the system does not significantly alter the equilibrium partial pressures of gaseous species for a pack containing Al at unit activity. In general, the partial pressures of CrCl₂ and SiCl₂ are higher in a chloride-activated pack than in a fluoride-activated pack. Therefore, the codeposition of Cr or Si with Al is possible when a chloride salt is used as the activator with a masteralloy of composition dilute in Al. The addition of hydrogen to the gas phase decreases the partial pressure of Cl₂ and thereby the partial pressures of CrCl₂ and SiCl₂. However, the presence of hydrogen and the formation of hydrogen halides and metal hydrides could increase the kinetics of the transporting processes, particularly for the coatings of Cr and Si. The study also indicates that the vapor pressures for the volatile chlorides of Fe are significantly higher than those for Ni or Co, so that displacement reactions leading to the loss of Fe from the substrate are expected for coating processes involving high halide activities.     

利用测井内线计算稠油油藏疏松岩石的胶结指数

方法以地层因素和声波地层因素方程为基础，利用稠油油藏纯水层的声波时差和深侧向电阻率曲线，通过二元回归建立R0—△t关系式。目的计算稠油油藏疏松岩石的胶结指数。结果通过回归的R0—△t关系式为一线性关系，其直线的科率即为疏松岩石的胶结指数、结论准确地进取水层所得到的疏松岩石的胶结指数．能较客观地反映油层的胶结特征，并能降低分析成本和提高工作效率。     

某铜矿酸浸渣硫脲法回收银的特点

本文总结分析了某铜矿酸浸渣采用硫脲溶液浸出，锌粉置换回收银的主要特点，针对其特点提出了处理该类废渣回收银的技术措施。     

水泥石初始压力特征分析

固井水泥浆注入井内后,在水泥石形成之前会出现失重现象,从而使水泥浆浆柱压力逐渐降低,如果没有引起其压力升高的因素,水泥浆柱压力会降为水柱压力.但事实上,在水泥浆失重期间,水泥浆柱压力下降会引起套管扩张变形和地层收缩变形,这两种变形都将挤压失重的水泥浆.这种挤压失重水泥浆的过程会持续到水泥石形成.水泥石形成时,重新建立起套管、水泥石、地层之间的压力平衡,此时水泥石承受的压力就是水泥石的初始压力.水泥石初始压力对水泥石、套管、地层体系以后的受力变形极为重要.     

热采井网状胶结复合防砂技术研究

热采井网状胶结复合防砂技术是在不下筛管的情况下,在携砂液中填加纤维胶结砂和网络剂的方法,充填油层后,在充填层中靠其接触压力和摩擦力的相互作用,达到力学平衡,进而形成网状纤维阻挡,以此防止砂子返排,达到防砂的目的。热采井网状胶结复合防砂技术研究的关键是筛选出优质纤维和网络剂,并建立与其配套的工艺流程,纤维必须具备耐高温,具有良好的机械强度,同时兼备良好的分散性。应用表明,该技术具有很好的防砂效果,且对地层伤害小,有利于提高油井产量。     

The effect of the deposition temperature and activator concentration on the structure of NiCrBSi coatings deposited on low carbon steels by pack cementation process

The feasibility of NiCrBSi powder deposition on low alloy steels with pack cementation is investigated at different temperatures (800-1000 °C) and with various halide salt activator content in the pack powder (1-6 wt.%), while the deposition time was set at 4 h. The as-coated samples were examined with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) associated with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), and X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD). It was revealed that both parameters affect the coating thickness, but not the phase composition of the as deposited coating, which in every case is composed by a Cr₂O₃ thin layer on the top, which enhances the corrosion resistance and Cr-B, Ni-B and Fe-Ni phases in the rest of the coating which increase the hardness and wear resistance. The activator content has also effect on the coating quality and integrity. In cases where its concentration is low or at higher levels (> 6%wt.) the as formed coatings are inhomogeneous and of low cohesion.